雅思阅读替换技巧

雅思阅读替换技巧。运用同义词替换答题时，同学们要先掌握雅思阅读考试同义词替换的技巧，以下总结了雅思阅读考试中同义词替换的一些技巧，同学们可适当进行了解。

雅思阅读替换技巧一

所谓雅思阅读，就是在有限的时间内，通过快速浏览，在文章中找出题目中的中心词，从而定位正确答案的过程。而雅思阅读的难度就在于题目中的中心词与文章中的词意思一致而表达方式完全不同。既然这样，要如何快速的定位原文呢?只要我们了解了同义词替换的规律，这一切就都变简单了。

雅思阅读中的同义词替换，是指意思相近的词或句子之间的替换，其中包括词性转换，语态转换，短语与句子替换等等，并不只是严格的相同意义的词的替换。

同义词替换分为三类：词与词的替换，词与句的替换，句与句的替换。

一. 词与词的替换

1. 同义词反义词替换

1)名词: picture/image; (剑九 Test3 Passage3 )

argument/debate(剑九Test3 Passage1)

2)动词: Consult/ask advice of;

recognise/perceive(剑九Test1 Passage1)

3)形容词: global/international/worldwide(剑九Test2 Passage1);

different/distinct(剑九Test2 Passage3 )

同学们在复习雅思阅读部分时，要掌握同义词替换的一些技巧，这样才能更好地运用这些技巧答题。

雅思阅读替换技巧二

义替换无疑是雅思阅读必不可少的考查方式，派生词替换、同义词或同义词词组以及反义词的否定形式是大多数学员比较熟悉的，但上义词替换下义词却是很多学员的死穴。下面我们就一起分析一下上义词与下义词在雅思阅读中的应用。

上义词与下义词是一组相对概念，范围大的词汇为上义词，而其下属的具体例子为其下义词。比如说，学科subject和化学chemistry就是一对明显的上义词和下义词。上义词与下义词的概念弄明白后，咱们还要熟悉雅思阅读考查这类替换的方式，简而言之，就是‘题上文下’，也就是说上义词会出现在题干中替换原文中的下义词。其实，原因很简单，雅思阅读的命题人是根据原文中的具体信息来命题的，用范围较大的上义词subject来替换原文中更为具体的chemistry就顺理成章了。下面咱们就通过多组题目来见识一下上义词与下义词在雅思阅读各种题型中的应用。

首先，我们来看一道判断题，选自C5P42Q13 Bakelite was only available in alimited range of colours.本题定位原文最后一段难度不大，但很多学员把最后一段看了一遍又一遍，还是没有结果。大家也不妨试一下。原文如下:

Baekeland'sinvention, although treated with disdain in its early years, went on to enjoyan unparalleled popularity which lasted throughout the first half of thetwentieth century. It became the wonder product of the new world of industrialexpansion - 'the material of a thousand uses,. Being both non-porous andheat-resistant, Bakelite kitchen goods were promoted as being germ-free andsterilisable. Electrical manufacturers seized on its insulating properties, andconsumers everywhere relished its dazzling array of shades, delighted that theywere now, at last, no longer restricted to the wood tones and drab browns ofthe pre-plastic era. It then fell from favour again during the 1950s, and wasdespised and destroyed in vast quantities. Recently, however, it has beenexperiencing something of a renaissance, with renewed demand for originalBakelite objects in the collectors' marketplace, and museums, societies anddedicated individuals once again appreciating the style and originality of thisinnovative material.

实际上，此题就运用了上义词替换下义词这一伎俩。我们可以通过colours 定位到原文这样的信息‘no longerrestricted to the wood tones and drab browns of the pre-plastic era’。也就是将colours替换了文中大部分学员比较熟悉browns。由于看出limit与restrict的替换难度并不大，那么此题与原文中no longer矛盾，选FALSE也就很轻松了。

其实，不仅仅是判断题，在填空题中的应用也让不少学员尝到很多苦头。我们再看一个例子，选自C6P29Q40 ........... produce is particularlyexpensive. 此题在原文中的定位难度也不大，很多学员都定位了如下的原文内容。

Provisions available in local shops have to be flown into Nunavut onone of the most costly air networks in the world, or brought by supply shipduring the few ice-free weeks of summer. It would cost a family around £7,000 ayear to replace meat they obtained themselves through hunting with importedmeat.

但是，具体答案定位哪一句，很多学生犯了难，原文中根本就没有与答案最为密切的produce。我们再仔细分析一下，原来题干中的produce (农产品)可以替换原文中meat，答案也就是imported了。在这里，我只能说不熟悉这种命题思路的烤鸭被害惨了。

其实，相比以上两种题型，上义词与下义词在段落信息配对题的出现频率更高。比如，C9P93Q18

reference to a possible linkbetween culture and a particular form of behaviour, 其中‘a particular formof behaviour’替换了原文H段的‘a struggle over toy’, 再比如C9P43Q5 a list of medicalconditions which place some children more at risk from noise than others，其中‘medicalconditions’替换了原文D段的‘hearing impairment, autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) and attentiondeficit disorders (ADD/ADHD)’。

我们发现，题干中的名词可能会作为上义词来考查，回原文定位时需要留意该词的具体化概念，并谨记‘题上文下’的替换原则。经过不断练习，在征服雅思阅读的道路上我们就又掌握了一项本领。

雅思阅读替换技巧三

Example 1：

Cambridge8，Test3中Q35：Through mutations, organisms can 35 better to the environment.

– 首先通过mutation一词将此填空题在原文定位到第C段”Because of changes in the genetic material (mutations) these have new characteristics and in the course of their individual lives they are tested for optimal or better adaptation to the environmental conditions.”

– 然后寻找空后关键词better to，根据空格前的情态动词can推测空格处只能填一个动词，而且是原形，还要能和to搭配。

– 这么一来，这句话里只有一个对应词比较合适：adaption，将其变形为动词adapt即可。

Example 2：

Cambridge6，Test2中Q17Q18：This is largely due to developments in 17 , but other factors such as improved 18 may also be playing a part.

– 定位到原文第四段”Clearly, certain diseases are beating a retreat in the face of medical advances. But there may be other contributing factors. Improvements in childhood nutrition in the first quarter of the twentieth century….”表明有些疾病是被medical advances打败的。

– 根据空格前的介词可以判断17题缺一个跟developments相关的名词。

– 正确选项是medical的同根词M(medicine)。

– 而18题是一个被improved修饰的名词，原文中improvements是它的同根词，所以答案是选项J (nutrition)。

雅思阅读替换技巧四

雅思阅读同义替换(一)词与词的替换

词与词的替换包括同义词和近义词以及前缀的变化，目的就是考查考生是否有迅速把两个相近的单词意思联系起来的能力，也就是考查快速提取信息的能力。

雅思阅读同义替换(二)词性的变化

词性的变化是指用同一个单词的不同形式来暗示答案的出处。

雅思阅读同义替换(三)单词与词组和词组与词组的替换

此替换考查学生对近义词组的转化能力。

雅思阅读同义替换(四)主动语态和被动语态的转化

1. C5T1P1 As a reward for his hard work, he was granted a _____ by the king.

解析：根据the king定位到文中最后一段The Dictionary, together with his other writing, made Johnson famous and so well esteemed that his friends were able to prevail upon King George III to offer him a pension. 被动语态的基本结构：主语+be+动词过去分词+by, 与文中主动语态对应上，答案为pension“养老金，退休金”。

2. C7T1P1 Radar is an inaccurate term when referring to bats because _____ are not used in their navigation system.

解析：根据上下文定位到文中It is technically incorrect to talk about bat 'radar', since they do not use radio waves. 很显然被动语态的主语在文中为主动语态的宾语，答案为radio waves。