弥尔顿的英文介绍

弥尔顿的一生跨过了整个17世纪的四分之三。正如我们所看到的那样，弥尔顿是他那个时代的文坛巨匠，是继莎士比亚之后主要的英国诗人。下面小编为大家整理的弥尔顿的英文介绍，希望对大家有用!

弥尔顿的英文介绍

John Milton was an English poet, polemicist, and civil servant for the Commonwealth of England. He is best known for his epic poem Paradise Lost.

He was a scholarly man of letters, a polemical writer, and an official serving under Oliver Cromwell. He wrote at a time of religious flux and political upheaval in England, and his poetry and prose reflect deep convictions and deal with contemporary issues, such as his treatise condemning licensing, Areopagitica. As well as English, he wrote in Latin and Italian, and had an international reputation during his lifetime. After his death, Milton’s critical reception oscillated, a state of affairs that continued through the centuries. At an early stage he became the subject of partisan biographies, such as that of John Toland from the nonconformist perspective, and a hostile account by Anthony à Wood.

Samuel Johnson wrote unfavourably of his politics as those of “an acrimonious and surly republican”; but praised Paradise Lost “a poem which, considered with respect to design may claim the first place, and with respect to performance, the second, among the productions of the human mind”. William Hayley’s 1796 biography called him the“greatest English author”. He remains generally regarded “as one of the preeminent writers in the English language and as a thinker of world importance”.

弥尔顿的一生或许恰恰是他所生活的17世纪思想史的基础。弥尔顿在他的青年时代就是一个出色的学者和早熟的诗人，其思想境界属于伊丽莎白时代。他出版的第一部诗集是1632年附于莎士比亚第二折本里的颂诗。

他创作了《快乐的人》《幽思的人》和《利西达斯》等精致美妙的短诗。这些诗作足以促使他在英国抒情诗坛上占据一个显要的位置。1642年国内战争爆发，他站在叛军一方，随后的二十年他背叛了缪斯精神，把主要精力投入到小册子的创作中，为自由党服务。后来他开始变得盲目起来，部分原因是因为他担任克伦威尔的外国语秘书。大英联邦失败王朝复辟之后，由于朋友的帮助和敌人的手下留情，弥尔顿幸免于走上绞刑架。退隐后，他把余生投入到他的杰作《失乐园》《复乐园》和《力士参孙》的创作中。因此他的职业生涯可以根据17世纪的历史划分为三个阶段：伊丽莎白王朝的尾声、共和国时期以及王朝复辟时代。

弥尔顿的早期诗歌并没有显出他稚嫩的痕迹，他初出文坛就立刻显示了他在抒情诗方面的天赋才能。二十一岁的时候创作的《基督教降生的早晨礼赞》气势宏伟，宣告了一个在其后时代创作基督主题叙事诗的伟大诗人的诞生。《快乐的人》洋溢着生活的欢欣。