雅思阅读猜词技巧

雅思阅读猜词技巧。雅思阅读中难免会遇到一些不认识的词汇，这时候就靠猜词义啦。但是猜词也是需要技巧的，小编分享了一些雅思阅读猜词技巧，欢迎阅读!

雅思阅读猜词技巧一

一、内在逻辑关系

根据内在逻辑关系推测词义是指运用语言知识分析和判断相关信息之间存在的逻辑关系，然后根据逻辑关系推断生词词义或大致义域，小编认为这一方面是关键所在。

1.根据对比关系猜测词义

在一个句子或段落中，有对两个事物或现象进行对比性的描述，我们可以根据生词或难词的反义词猜测其词义。

例如：

Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His brother, in contrast,is quite humble and modest.

该例中supercilious对许多人来说可能是个生词，但是句中短语in contrast，(相对照的，相对比的)可以提示我们supercilious和后面词组humble and modest(谦卑又谦虚)是对比关系。分析出这种关系后，我们便能猜出supercilious意为"目空一切的，傲慢的"。

表示对比关系的词汇和短语主要是unlike，not，but，however，despite，in spite of，in contrast和while引导的并列句等。

A good supervisor can recognize instantly the adept workers from the unskilled ones.

该句中并未出现上面提到的表示对比关系的词或短语，但是通过上下文可以判断出句子前后是对比关系，即把熟练工人与非熟练工人区分开。这时我们也能够推断出生词adept的词义，"熟练的"。

2.根据比较关系猜测词义

同对比关系相反，比较关系表示意义上的相似关系，例如：

Green loves to talk，and his brothers are similarly loquacious.该句中副词similarly表明短语loves to talk与生词loquacious之间的比较关系。以此可以推断出loquacious词义为"健谈的"。

表示比较关系的词和短语主要是similarly，like，just as，also等。

3.根据因果关系猜测词义

在句子或段落种，若两个事物、现象之间构成因果关系，我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推知生词词义。

例如：

Tom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others.

根据原因状语从句的内容，我们可以推断出生词autocratic指"独断专行的"。

There were so many demonstrators in the Red Square that he had to elbow hisway through the crowd.

此句为结果状语从句，根据从句的描书"许多示威者"，我们便可推知elbow的词意"挤，挤过"。

4.根据同义词的替代关系猜测词义

在句子或段落种，我们可以利用熟悉的词语，根据语言环境推断生词词义。

例如：

Although he often had the opportunity, Mr. Tritt was never able to steal money from a customer. This would have endangered his position at the bank,and he did not want to jeopardize his future.

作者为避免重复使用endanger一词，用其同义词jeopardize来替代它，由此推知其词义为"使。陷入危险，危及、危害"。

Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health. Theyalso regard drinking as harmful.

句中detrimental四个生词，但判断出harmful替代detrimental后，不难推断出其词义为"不利的，有害的"。

二、针对性解释

针对性解释是作者为了更好的表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或词汇等所作的解释。这些解释提供的信息具有明确的针对性，利用它们猜词义比较容易，道正认为这一方面是关键所在。

1.根据定义猜测词义如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定义，理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。

例如：

anthropology is the scientific study of man. 由定义可知，anthropology就是"研究人类的科学"。

In slang the term "jam" constitutes a state of being in which a personfinds himself or herself in a difficult situation. 同样，从上下文的定义可知jam一词在俚语中的意思是"困境"。

定义句的谓语动词多为：be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, refer to,be called, be known as, define, represent, signify, constitute等。

2.根据复述猜测词义

虽然复述不如定义那样严谨、详细，但是提供的信息足以使阅读者猜出生词词义。复述部分可以适当词、短语或是从句。

同位语Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are tospeak and read intelligently.

此例逗号中短语意为"对词意义进行研究的学科"。该短语与前面生词semanties式同位关系，因此我们不难猜出semanties指"语义学"。

在复述中构成同位关系的两部分之间多用逗号连接，有时也使用破折号，冒号，分号，引号，和括号等。

Capacitance, or the ability to store electric charge, is one of the most common characteristics of electronic circuits.

由同位语我们很快猜出生词capacitance词义---电容量。需要注意的是：同位语前还常有or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other,say i. e.等副词或短语出现。

定语从句Krabacber suffers from SAD, which is short for seasonal affective disorder,a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings.

根据生词SAD后面定语从句which is short for seasonal affective disorder和同位语a syndrome characterized by severe seasonal mood swings,我们可以推断出SAD含义，即"季节性情绪紊乱症"。

根据举例猜测词义恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重要线索，例如：

The consequences of epochal events such as wars and great scientific discoveries are not confined to a small geographical area as they were inthe past.

句中"战争"和"重大科学发现"是生词的实例，通过它们我们可以猜出epochal的大致词义"重要的"，这与其确切含义"划时代的"十分接近。

三、外部相关因素

外部相关因素是指篇章(句子或段落)以外的其他知识。有时仅靠分析篇章内在逻辑关系无法猜出词义。这时，就需要运用生活经验和普通常识确定词义。例如：

Husband：it‘s really cold out tonight.Wife: Sure it is. My hands are practically numb.How about lighting the furnace?

根据生活经验，天气寒冷时，手肯定是"冻僵的，冻得麻木的"。

The snake slithered through the grass.

根据有关蛇的生活习性的知识，我们可以推断出slither词义为"爬行"。

在猜测词义过程中，除了使用上面提到的一些技巧，我们还可以依靠构词方面的知识，从生词本身猜测词义。

1.根据前缀猜测词义例如：

He fell into a ditch and lay there, semiconscious, for a few minutes.根据词根conscious(清醒的，有意识的)，结合前缀semi(半，部分的，不完全的)，我们便可猜出semiconscious词义"半清醒的，半昏迷的"。

I‘m illiterate about such things.词根literate意为"有文化修养的，通晓的"，前缀il表示否定，因此illiterate指"一窍不通，不知道的"。

2.根据后缀猜测词义例如：

Insecticide is applied where it is needed.后缀cide表示"杀者，杀灭剂"，结合大家熟悉的词根insect(昆虫)，不难猜出insecticide意为"杀虫剂"。

Then the vapor may change into droplets.后缀let表示"小的"，词根drop指"滴，滴状物"。将两个意思结合起来，便可推断出droplet词义"小滴，微滴"。

3.根据复合词的各部分猜测词义例如：

Growing economic problems were highlighted by a slowdown in oil output.Hightlight或许是一个生词，但是分析该词结构后，就能推测出其含义。它是由high(高的，强的)和light(光线)两部分组成，合在一起便是"以强光照射，使突出"的意思。

Bullfight is very popular in Spain.Bull(公牛)和fight(打，搏斗)结合在一起，指一种在西班牙颇为流行的体育运动---斗牛。

利用各种已知信息推测、判断词义是一项重要的阅读技巧。在实践中，综合运用上面提到的几种猜测技巧，排除生词的障碍，理解文章内容的同时提高阅读速度。

雅思阅读猜词技巧二

在雅思阅读中遇到不认识的词时不可避免的，有一些是专有词汇，是可以用来帮助我们定位的，我们不需要知道其意思，但有一些词不认识可能会影响做题，所以我们可以通过一定的方法大概的猜出词的意思，方便我们正确解题。下面环球雅思阅读专业老师周芳圆就为雅思考生们带来雅思雅思阅读中的猜词技巧。

一.雅思阅读之定义猜词

定义句的常见谓语动词：be, refer to, be called, be known as, define等。

例：A tariff is a duty or fee levied on goods being imported into the country.

解析：根据这句话，tariff是指一种税或费用，在那些进口到国家的那些物品上说征收的税。这样我们可以得知tariff是“关税”的意思

二.雅思阅读之同位语猜词

同位语常伴随有or, i.e., in other words, similarly, 或者直接用“，”表示。

例：an examination of the functioning of the senses in cetaceans, the group of mammals comprising whales, dolphins and porpoises.

解析：这是剑桥真题4中第1套第2篇文章的一个副标题。根据后面的“一组哺乳动物，包括鲸鱼，海豚，鼠海豚”可以大概知道cetaceans应该是指“一类海洋生物”，这样就可以了，做题时会更方便些。

三.雅思阅读之特殊标点符号猜词

阅读中的破折号和冒号出现的频率很高，当它们出现的时候我们需要额外注意，很多时候答案就出现在这边，这对我们做题是有利的。

例：WHO concluded that all of the twenty megacities---places likely to have more than ten million inhabitants in the year 2000---already exceeded the level......

解析：这句话也是出自于我们的剑桥真题，破折号后面的部分是对于megacity的一个解释，“可能有超过1000万居民的地方”，这样可以大概猜出megacity应该是指“大城市”的意思。.

四.雅思阅读之定语从句猜词

例：One solution is car-pooling, an arrangement in which a number of people who share the same destination share the use of one car.

解析：这是剑桥真题3第4套第一篇文章中的一句话，后面的第5题就根据这句话出的题。Car-pooling不认识的话，我们可以根据后面的定语从句解释来猜测词义。 Car-pooling是很多有相同目的地的人共同使用同一辆车。这样我们就能够知道car-pooling应该是“拼车”的意思。

五.雅思阅读之内在逻辑关系猜词

例：Andrew is one of the most supercilious men i know. His brother, in contrast is quite humble and modest.

解析：我们都知道in contrast表示“相反”，这就意味着我们的supercilious的意思和humble and modest意思相反，所以supercilious的意思就是“傲慢，自大”。

六.雅思阅读之语境中猜词

有些单词我虽然不认识，但是在那个语境里我们可以大概能猜测到它的意思。

雅思阅读猜词技巧三

1.定义猜词。即在该词后面有用冒号或者破折号，进行进一步解释说明的。比如......this is rather like placing a textbook on a wet sponge: the weight squeezes the water out, causing both water and sponge to settle lower. 通过冒号后的解释sponge的意思就更为清楚了。

2.词根词缀法猜词。(关于词根词缀我会下面的博文中详细讲)

比如pre-表示前，领先的意思，那么prewar就是战前的意思。。。掌握一些常用的词根词缀对于扩大词汇量很有用处。

3.根据context，即上下文的意思来猜。

4.根据common sense猜，当然，同学要记住，不能用common sense 来做T/F/NG的题，这是雅思阅读的大忌。

5.还有，有的词如果不影响你的阅读，那么就不要去管他什么意思了。做雅思阅读，Time is limited.一定要好好控制自己的时间。关于时间分配我也会在下面的博文中详细讲。

雅思阅读猜词练习：

In the following exercise, do NOT try to learn the italicized words. Concentrate on developing your ability to guess the meaning of unfamiliar words using context clues. Read each sentence carefully, and write a definition, synonym, or deｓｃｒｉｐｔion of the italicized word on the line provided.

1.____________________ The major points of your plan are clear to me, but the details are still hazy.

2. _____________________ By anticipating the thief’s next move, the police were able to arrive at the bank before the robbery occurred.

3.______________________ All of the palace’s laundry, when gathered for washing, formed a massive bundle that required the combined efforts of all the servants to carry.

4.______________________ “Give me specific suggestions when you criticize my work,” said the employee. “Vague comments do not help me improve.”

5._______________________ The apple appeased my hunger temporarily, but I could still eat a big dinner.

6.________________________ After the attacks on civilians by army troops, a committee met to try to discover what could have provoked such ation.

7.________________________ The king manifested his pleasure with a hearty laugh.

8.________________________ The nation’s highway death toll has increased every year since the invention of the automobile.

9.__________________________ The workers’ lives were wretched, they worked from morning to night in all kinds of weather, earning only enough money to buy their simple food and cheap clothes.

10.__________________________ In a series of bold moves, government attorneys attacked the mammoth auto industry, saying that the size o the business endangered the financial freedom of the individual buyer.

猜词练习(2)

In the following exercise, do NOT try to learn the italicized words. Concentrate on developing your ability to guess the meaning of unfamiliar words using context clues. Read each sentence carefully, and write a definition, synonym, or deｓｃｒｉｐｔion of the italicized word on the line provided.

1._______________ As he reached for the rock above him, his rope broke and he hung precariously by one hand as the rescues ran toward him.

2.________________ The tired soldiers trudged through knee-deep mud for hours before they found a dry place to sleep.

3._________________ In the past, the world seemed to run in an orderly way. Now, however, everything seems to be in a state of turmoil.

4.__________________ Monkeys are well known for their grooming habits; they spend hours carefully cleaning bits of dirt and straw from their coats.

5.___________________ Matrimony doesn’t seem to agree with Liz—she’s been unhappy ever since she got married.

6._________________ Using a long, slender instrument called a probe, doctors are able to locate and remove pieces of metal form a patient’s wounds.

7._________________ The following Monday, when the president convened the second meeting of the committee, we all sat down quietly and waited for him to begin.

8.____________________ We think of plants in general as absorbing water and food; of animals as ingesting or “eating it”.

9._____________________ Robben is considered an automatic administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others.

猜词练习(3)

This exercise is designed to give you practice using context clues from a passage. Use your

generally knowledge along with information from the entire text below to write a definition, synonym, or deｓｃｒｉｐｔion of the italicized word on the line provided. Read through the entire passage before making a decision. Note that some of the words appear more than once; by the end of the passage you should have a good idea of their meaning. Do not worry if your definition is not exact; a general idea of the meaning will often allow you to understand the meaning of the written text.

People in Americas before Last Ice Age?

A site in northeastern Brazil has yielded evidence of the earliest known human occupation in the Americas, approximately 32,000 years ago, according to a report by two French scientists.

Although the discovery, reported in June 19 NATURE, does not resolve long-standing archaeological disputes over when and how people first arrived in the New World, the site is much older than others where human occupation has been firmly established. Several such finds in the southwestern United States date to 11,500 years ago, and a rock shelter near Pittsburgh is thought to contain evidence of use by human 19,000 years ago; previously, the earliest known site occupied by humans in South America was 14,200 years old.

Site:_________________________________________________________________

Occupation:___________________________________________________________

NATURE:____________________________________________________________

Resolve:______________________________________________________________

Disputes:_____________________________________________________________

Firmly:_______________________________________________________________

雅思阅读猜词技巧四

一、利用定义线索进行猜测

定义是作者为了更好地表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或词汇等所作的解释。这些解释提供的信息具有明确的针对性，利用它们猜测词义比较容易。例如:Kinetic energy is the energy ofmoving particles. Kinetic enegry 可能是生词，由定义可知，表语是说明主语性质内容的。

所以kinetic energy就是“运动粒子的能量”。再如Typhoons are cyclones，storms with strongwinds rotating around a low-pressurecenter.如果cyclones是生词，推断该词义的线索就是其后面的解释“绕低气压中心形成的暴风雨”由此我们可知cyclones的意思是“绕低气压中心形成的暴风雨”。在这种解释中定义句的谓语动词多为：be,mean, deal with, be considered, to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define,represent, signify, constitute等。

二、进一步阐述猜测词义

虽然进一步阐述不如定义那样严谨、详细，但是提供的信息足以使我们猜出生词的词义。复述部分可以是适当的词，短语或者句子。例如Experts inkinesics, in their study of body motion as related to speech ,hope to discovernew methods of communications. 逗号中短语的意思是“对肢体语言进行研究的学科”。

短语与前面生词kinesics是同位关系，因此我们不难猜出kinesics指“肢体语言学”。在这种复述当中,构成同位关系的两部分之间多用逗号连接，有时也使用破折号，冒号，分号，引号，和括号等。另外同位语前还常有or,similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other, 等副词或短语出现。

另外一种会以定语从句的形式出现如从句Obesity, which is a medical disorder that affectsapproximately 20-30% of the population of the United States of America. It is anexcessive accumulation of body fat that results from the storage of excess foodenergy calories in the body's fat cells. 根据生词obesity后面的非限制性定语从句which is amedical disorder that affects approximately 20-30% of the population of theUnited States of America. It is an excessive accumulation of body fat thatresults from the storage of excess food energy calories in the body's fat cells.我们可以推断出obesity的含义，即“过度肥胖”

三、根据举例猜测词义

恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重要线索，例如The consequences of epochal events such as wars andgreat scientific discoveries are not confined to a small geographical area asthey were in the past. 句中“战争”和“重大科学发现”是生词的实例，通过它们我们可以猜出epochal的 大致词义“重要的”。

四、上下文语境关联猜词义

例如Computers have been used for most kinds of crime, including fraud theft,larceny, embezzlement, burglary, sabotage, murder and forgery, since the firstcases were reported in 1985.这句话中有许多生词出现，但通过上文的crime和murder一词，我们可以知道这些下划线词都是与犯罪有关的词。

在考试中，就不必费心去考虑它们的具体意思，知道大概类别即可。再如Goran Ivanisevic fears only one service intennis -- Michael Stichs. His toss is always the same: the straight one or thetopspin. Sampras has a good serve and Becker too, but Stichs is the toughest toread.在此例中，大多数词用于网球运动中的一些专门词汇，我们可以不必理会，而主要关注认识的那些词。

这样能够大概理解此句讲的是网球选手Goran害怕某种service,通过上下文大致可得知这是指网球运动中的一个动作(比如发球、扣球等)。其实，service就是“发球”的意思。从形容词straight可知Stichs发球的特点，而且他是最难预测的一个。这样一来就可以很好地把握文章内容了。

五、根据对比关系猜测词义

在一个句子或段落中，有对两个事物或现象进行对比性的描述，我们可以根据生词或难词的反义词猜测其词义。例如：Unlike her gregarioussister, Jane is a shy, unsociable person who does not like to go to parties orto make new friends. Gregarious,对许多人来说可能是个生词，但是句中单词unlike可以提示我们Gregarious和后面的词unsociableperson是对比关系。分析出这种关系后，我们便能猜出意为Gregarious是“爱交际的”。

六、根据常识线索猜测题义

这是指根据篇章(句子或段落)以外的其他知识来猜测词义。有时仅靠分析篇章内在逻辑关系无法猜出词义。这时，就需要运用生活经验和普通常识确定词义。例如：Thecat came quickly through the grass towards the birds ,when it was just a fewfrom the feet from the victim, it gather its legs under itself andpounced.如果pounce是生词。推测该词我们可以凭借我们的常识，我们知道当猫看到鸟时，通常它会先把爪子收起来，然后再突然向小鸟发起进攻。由此可以推断pounce一词的意思是“突然攻击”。

再如It's really cold out tonight. My hands are practically numb.根据生活经验，天气寒冷时，手肯定是numb “冻僵的，冻得麻木的”。

七、利用构词法猜测词义

此法包括利用前、后缀及合成词猜测词义。

7.1前、后缀猜测词义

英语中的前缀、后缀构词颇多，且特定的"缀"往往表示特定的含义，把握住这一点，可起到"以不变应万变"的效果。例如He had beenoverworking and fell ill at last.overwork是由前缀over-加动词构成，over有"超过，过于"之意，overwork意思是"工作过多，劳累过度"。

再如，overburden负担过重，overcharge要价过高，overdo做得过分。英语中常用的前缀还有：mis-错，误：misfortune不幸;mislead误导;mismanage处理不当mid-中央：midnight半夜;midway半路under-低于：underdone半生不熟的;underestimate低估;anti-反对：antibody抗体;anticyclone反气旋;antifreeze防冻剂。还有一些后缀派生词：例如1)You must stopdreaming and face reality.(-ty为名词的标志); 2)The country is trying to popularizeeducation. (-ize为及物动词的标志，再如realize, modernize)。

7.2利用合成词猜测词义

Family members take turns choosing a special activity for the evening, andeveryone partakes in for fun. 根据短语构成及上下文意思看，此处partakes in相当于takes partin。再如break out-outbreak(名词"爆发")，set out-outset(名词"起始")，comein-income(名词“收入”)。